Borgo Rome travel tips - hotels, photos and maps

Borgo (sometimes called THE Borghi), is the XIV district of Rome. Its coat of arms represents a lion (from the name Town leonina, with that the district comes also called) crouched, having opposite the three mountains and the star. These last, together to the lion rampante, do part of the sign of Sixtus V, the Pope that raised Borgo to quattordicesimo district of Rome.

It it is found on the bank right hand of the Tiber , and it has a trapezoid plant. Borgo confines with the Town of the Vatican (Square San Pietro) to west, the Tiber to east, Meadows to north, the district Aurelio to southwest and Trastevere to south.

The territory of the district includes a flat part, constituted from the sands alluvionali of the Tiber , and a hill zone, corresponding to the clayey slopes of the Necks Vatican.

Administratively, Borgo, to difference of Trastevere, does not belong to the Historical Center (THE Town Hall), but to the XVII Town Hall, together with the district of Meadows and the Triumphant districts and Of The Victory (around Square Mazzini).

The main roads run in direction east-west and (with the considerable exception of the modern Road of the Settlement) do not come called Via, but Borghi.

Even though strong transformed during the first half of the twentieth century, Borgo maintains still today its historical meaning of vestibule of San Pietro and of the palaces Vatican . The territory of Borgo during the Roman period did part of the Royal quattordicesima, Transtiberim, and Ager was called Vaticanus [1], because of the bard that the etruscan Augures there performed. Since it is found to the of outside the Pomerium, and was malarico, it was used like place of burial. Some graves reached considerable proportions: between these, the so-called Terebinthus Neronis, that was a round grave surmounted from a high tower [2]; while the Goal Romuli (a like Pyramid to that still existing I press Door San Paolo), was demolished alone in 1499.

To the foots of the necks Vatican two roads left: the Via Cornelia, that it is united to the Via close Aurelia Tarquinius [3], and the Via Triumphalis, that met the Road Erases some Km more to north. [4]. This ultima was called so because, beginning with Tito, the Roman Emperors traveled to enter it in the urbe, when celebrated their you Triumph.

In the beginning of the imperial age, magnificent Villae and You (gardens), like those possessed respectively from Agrippina, wife of Germanico and mother of Caligola (You Agrippinae), and from Domizia, wife of Domitian (You Domitiae), had been extracted near the slopes of the Gianicolo and of the necks Vatican .

Caligola built in the zone a circus (Circus Gaianus), that was then enlarged from Nerone (Circus Neronis) [5]. L 'obelisk that today it is found in Square San Pietro long its thorn was raised. The circus was connected to the town by means of a Portico (Porticus). Nerone replaced also the bridge of wood of the Via Triumphalis with a bridge of stone (the that restive still can be seen in the Tiber during the periods of low water) called in its honor Pons Neronianus or Triumphalis. The emperor Adriano raised near the Tiber a gigantic Mausoleo, that connected to the left shore by means of another bridge, the Pons AElius (today Bridge Sant' Angelo).

But the event that changed for always the destiny of the zone, was the martyrdom of San Pietro to the foots of the necks Vatican in 67, during the first persecution of the Christians. The Holy one was buried in the neighborhoods, and this fece of the Vatican a place of pilgrimage. On the grave of the Holy one, Pope Anacleto THE raised an oratory, that in 324 Costantino replaced with a gigantic Basilica dedicated to the prince of the Apostles [6]. This church, known today like the old San Pietro, divenne soon (until its destruction in the XVI century, when to its place the new Basilica of San was raised Pietro) one of the centers of the Christianity.

Rome hotels, Rome rent a car information, maps of Rome The medieval age: Civitas Leonina

During the high medieval age the Bridge of Nerone cadde in ruin [7], while the Mausoleo of Adriano was transformed in a stronghold (Castel Sant' Angelo), the possession of which ensured the control of the urbe. Although the wars and the invasions that devastated Rome during those centuries, the flow of pilgrims to the grave of the apostle did not stop ever. The pilgrims of the same nationality collected themselves together in associations called Scholae [8], whose task was just that of to assist the compatriots arrived in pilgrimage in Rome.

L 'renaissance age Pope Alessandro YOURSELVES ebbe an important part in the development of Borgo. The most well-known one between its sons, Cesare Borgia, lived in the Town Leonina. You enlarge Pope Alessandro YOURSELVES ebbe an

important part in the development of Borgo. The most well-known one between its sons, Cesare Borgia, lived in the Town Leonina.

Revived it of Borgo began with the end of the Schism of west and the beginning of the Renaissance. To that time, the seriousness center of Rome began to move itself from the zone around the Capitol, where the Rome medieval is developed, to the plain of the Field Marzio. In the same period, the Popes left finally the complex Lateranense for the Vatican , which divenne the new power center of the Church [18]. The intense building activity, and above all the reconstruction of San Pietro, that was the final result of this movement, attracts in different Borgo artists, while the renewed flow of pilgrims stimulated the commerce.

Underneath Niccolò V, Bernardo Rossellino imagined three divergent roads provided of porticos the that carried to San Pietro, but the death of the Pontiff interruppe the project. Pope Sixtus IV you open' a new road parallel to the Passetto, called in its honor Via Sistine Chapel (the current Borgo Sant' Angelo).

Magnificent Buildings from the severe style had been built from highs prelates and noble in the beginning of the sixteenth Century. The piu' mattering I am: Palace Branconio of the eagle, planned from Raffaello; Goat Palace of Given Desiring (a house piu' late gained from Raffaello, and become then part of the Palace of the Convertendi [19]); Palace Castellesi, built from the Cardinal Adriano Castellesi [20], attributed to Andrea Bregno or Desiring and a copy in smaller staircase of the Palace of the Chancellery; Palace of the Penitenzieri [21], operates of Baccio Pontelli. These last three palaces themselves appeared over a small square (Square of the Cardinal of S. Mild, piu' late Square Scossacavalli), that divenne the piu' mattering some Borgo. one. Palace Branconio Of The Eagle, one of the masterpieces of the Renaissance, was beaten down in the XVII Century to open the new square Rusticucci, called so from the homonymous palace. You enlarge Palace Branconio Of The Eagle, one of the masterpieces of the Renaissance, was beaten down in the XVII Century to open the new square Rusticucci, called so from the homonymous palace.

Also rich middle-class person, like Febo Brigotti and Jacopo from Brescia, medical respectively of Paolo III and Lion X, itself fecero to build elegant palazzetti in the district.

The Town Leonina in that time was renowned in all Rome also for his stoves. These buildings, whose tradition came from the Germany (the name derives from the word German stube), were a middle course between a Roman bath and a sauna, and were often busy from artists, which there could study the nude in holy peace (same Raffaello possessed a stove in Borgo, near its palace) [22].

To resolve the problem of the I deal a new road, the Via Alexandrina or Recta, more late called New Borgo, was open during the Jubilee of 1500 from Pope Alessandro YOURSELVES Borgia [23]. It is necessary to note that after the creation of New Borgo to north of the road already existing of Old Borgo, is come to to create a line of houses between the two roads that, because of the similarity with the middle line of a Roman circus, venne called "thorn". Be was interrupted about in half from Square Scossacavalli. From then on the demolition of the thorn divenne a subject recurring some Roman city planning. You change projects, beginning with that of Carlo Fountain in the slow seventeenth century, had been conceived to this purpose, until when, for will of Mussolini and Pious XI, this idea venne finally carried out. Holy Maria in Traspontina, operates of G. S. Peruzzi, is the alone church in Rome whose cupola has not a drum. The height piu' low so reached allowed to the artiglieri of the Castle (which in the church possessed a hat) of to exercise brace on the Gianicolo. You enlarge Holy Maria in Traspontina, operates of G. S. Peruzzi, is the alone church in Rome whose cupola has not a drum. The height piu' low so reached allowed to the artiglieri of the Castle (which in the church possessed a hat) of to exercise brace on the Gianicolo.

This situatione changed for always in 1936. In that year the project of demolition of the thorn, of the Roman architects Marcello Piacentini and Attilio Spaccarelli, venne approved from Mussolini and Pious XI and place in execution. An agreement between the two men of state was given back possible from the new climate of collaboration between the State and the Church that followed the signature of the Agreements lateranensi ("The Settlement") in 1929. October 23 1936 (the next day the anniversary of the Gear on Rome ), the same Captain, in foots on a roof of the thorn, said the first blow of pickaxe. The 8 October 1937 (except for of a year after), the thorn had stopped to exist, and San Pietro was freely visible from Castel Sant' Angelo [36].

Because of the Second world war, the intense activities had been interrupted. In the immediate postwar period, although that the cultural political and that climate are changed, the Italian Government and the Vatican decided to carry limit the project. Two Propilei had been built facing Square San Pietro (in the southern one the ancient church was set [37], today deconsecrated, of San Lorenzo in Piscibus), and two monumental buildings came raised in the beginning of the road towards the castle. The intense activities had been finished in time for the Jubilee of 1950, with the erection of two file of obelisks (that the Romen christened ready "supposed them").

The result was that almost all of the buildings of the District situated to south of the Passetto had been demolished, and a Large news Artery, Road of the Settlement (so called because of the 1929 Be about between italy and the Holy Seat), emerged to their place. Little important buildings (Holy Maria in Traspontina, Palace Torlonia, Palace of the Penitenzieri) came saved since found themselves piu' or except for in board with the new road. Alley of the Belltower of Borgo in a watercolor of Ettore Roesler Franz (1880 ca.). The house on the political left in slow first belongs to the thorn. The belltower is that of Holy Maria in Traspontina, parochial church of Borgo . On the left side of this alley is visible still today a rare example of House Graffita of the Renaissance. You enlarge Alley of the Belltower of Borgo in a watercolor of Ettore Roesler Franz (1880 ca.). The house on the political left in slow first belongs to the thorn. The belltower is that of Holy Maria in Traspontina, parochial church of Borgo . On the left side of this alley is visible still today a rare example of House Graffita of the Renaissance.

All the other they had been or demolished and rebuilded with the fronts on the new road (like Palace of the Convertendi, rebuilded on Road of the Settlement [38], and the houses of Febo Brigotti and Jacopo from Brescia, them whose facades had been reassembled on the news Via of the Runners), or (like the chiesette of San Giacomo to Scossacavalli and Sant' Angelo to the Runners, raised respectively on Square Scossacavalli and long [39].

To some part drawings [40], not venne carried out some relief of the ancient district. Most of the inhabitants, them whose families had lived and worker in Borgo from centuries, had been deported in the suburbs in the middle to the Country, like Acilia. That it happens between the other since the new upright buildings to the sides of the road had not function abitativa, but accommodated offices, for the piu' used from the Vatican .

The judgment on the whole enterprise, controversial sin from the beginning, seems now to be widely negative. In fact, to part the destruction of a lot ancient buildings and, above all, of the woven whole social, what went loser for always was it "surprised" (typical of the Baroque), that each tested when, to the end of the tight alleys and bui of Borgo, the enormous Square and the Basilica appeared to the unexpected one. Now, instead, San Pietro appears in the distance, flattened like in a postcard, so than also the sense of perspective went loser.

During the thirties of the twentieth century, extensive intense activities of demolition interested also the part northwest of the district ( Angelic Road of Door and Road of the Mask). These they had been officially undertaken to define better the boundary between italy and the novelty been Been some Town of the Vatican .

From 1950, the Borghiciani (so call themselves in Romanesco the inhabitants of Borgo) survivors live at north of the Passetto, where the district was able to maintain until times recent its character populate. Also different highs prelates choose always of to inhabit in the Town Leonina: the same Cardinal Ratzinger lived in Pious Borgo for piu' of vent' before its years election to the throne of Pietro[41].

To south of the passetto the district show an I turn entirely different: them' find themselves alone offices (above all of the Vatican ), an Auditorium, and the large complex one of the hospital of Holy Spirit, which after piu' of 800 continuous years always its mission. The sole connection with the past are the shops of souvenir on Road of the Settlement.

Two large events involved Borgo during the last years. In 2000, the Jubilee caused an invasion of pilgrims and a property boom. Different apartments had been transformed in residences for tourists, while a lot of craftsmen had been compelled to leave the district, and their shops divennero fast food and shops of memories for tourists.

In 2005, during the weeks it exists between the death of Pope Giovanni Paolo TWO and the election of Holy XVI, the district dovette to support the pilgrims of millions of impact arrived in Rome for give back tribute to the dead Pontiff.

Rome hotels, Rome rent a car information, maps of Rome considerable Things of the District

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* square Scossacavalli (destroyed in 1937)

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* Road of the Settlement * Alley of the Belltower * Pious Borgo * Holy Borgo Spirit

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* Castel Sant' Angelo * Hospital of Holy Spirit * Palace Torlonia * Palace of the Penitenzieri * Palace of the

Convertendi * Palace Yielded * Palace Rusticucci * Palace Alicorni * Palace of the Commander

Rome hotels, Rome rent a car information, maps of Rome Churches

* Holy Maria in Traspontina * Holy Spirit in Know * San Lorenzo in Piscibus (deconsecrated) * Holy Michele and

Main * San Giacomo to Scossacavalli (destroyed in 1937) * Sant' Angelo to the Runners (destroyed in 1940)

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* Door Castle * Holy Door Spirit

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* Bridge Sant' Angelo * Bridge Vittorio Emanuele TWO

Rome hotels, Rome rent a car information, maps of Rome Other monuments

* Passetto (er "Coridore") * Wall Lion * Fountain of the Balls of Cannon of Lombard Pietro